Publications.

Colored Shared Spaces (CSS): How Visual Design Transforms Pedestrian Experiences

Vishal Chauhan, Anubhav, Chia-Ming Chang, Ehsan Javanmardi, Takeo Igarashi, Alex Orsholits, Kantaro Fujiwara, Manabu Tsukada

HCI in Mobility, Transport, and Automotive Systems · Montréal, Canada

Contribution A two-stage study (N=224) showing how colored ground patterns shape visibility, safety, trust, and confidence in pedestrian–AV shared spaces—and why visual appeal must not compromise legibility.

LNCS 16742 · pp. 150–168 · Published 3 July 2026 · Springer

Don't Worry, Just Follow Me: Prototyping and In-the-Wild Evaluation of Smart Pole Interaction Unit with Mobility

Vishal Chauhan, Anubhav, Mark Colley, Chia-Ming Chang, Xinyue Gui, Ding Xia, Ehsan Javanmardi, Takeo Igarashi, Kantaro Fujiwara, Manabu Tsukada

ACM CHI 2026 · Barcelona, Spain

Contribution An in-the-wild study (N=21) of a mobile roadside interface delivering explicit WALK/STOP guidance. Combining SPIU with vehicle eHMI produced the clearest, safest, and most trusted experience.

Peeking Ahead of the Field Study: Exploring VLM Personas as Support Tools for Embodied Studies in HCI

Xinyue Gui, Ding Xia, Mark Colley, Yuan Li, Vishal Chauhan, Anubhav, Zhongyi Zhou, Ehsan Javanmardi, Stela Hanbyeol Seo, Chia-Ming Chang, Manabu Tsukada, Takeo Igarashi

ACM CHI 2026 · Barcelona, Spain

Contribution Compares real pedestrians with VLM personas during autonomous-vehicle encounters, showing where simulated personas can support early embodied-study design—and where human participants remain essential.

A Silent Negotiator? Cross-cultural VR Evaluation of Smart Pole Interaction Units in Dynamic Shared Spaces

Vishal Chauhan, Anubhav, Robin Sidhu, Yu Asabe, Kanta Tanaka, Chia-Ming Chang, Xiang Su, Ehsan Javanmardi, Takeo Igarashi, Alex Orsholits, Kantaro Fujiwara, Manabu Tsukada

ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology (VRST 2025) · Montréal, Canada

Contribution A cross-cultural VR study (N=40) across Japan and Norway examining four high-risk shared-space scenarios. SPIU shortened decisions while revealing scenario- and culture-dependent effects.

Towards the Future of Pedestrian–AV Interaction: Human Perception vs. LLM Insights on Smart Pole Interaction Unit in Shared Spaces

Vishal Chauhan, Anubhav, Chia-Ming Chang, Xiang Su, Jin Nakazato, Ehsan Javanmardi, Alex Orsholits, Takeo Igarashi, Kantaro Fujiwara, Manabu Tsukada

International Journal of Human–Computer Studies, vol. 205, p. 103628, 2025

Contribution A design study with 25 people and three multimodal LLMs comparing human and AI perspectives on roadside AV communication. Participants strongly favored SPIU for coordinating multi-vehicle encounters.

Connected Shared Spaces: Expert Insights into the Impact of eHMI and SPIU for Next-Generation Pedestrian–AV Communication

Vishal Chauhan, Anubhav, Chia-Ming Chang, Jin Nakazato, Ehsan Javanmardi, Alex Orsholits, Takeo Igarashi, Kantaro Fujiwara, Manabu Tsukada

International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Emerging Applications (ICEA 2024) · Tokyo, Japan

Contribution Twelve automotive-interface experts evaluated eHMI, SPIU, and their combination across safety, seamlessness, adaptability, accessibility, and trust—clarifying when infrastructure and vehicle interfaces should work together.

Transforming Pedestrian and Autonomous Vehicles Interactions in Shared Spaces: A Think-Tank Study on Exploring Human-Centric Designs

Vishal Chauhan, Anubhav, Chia-Ming Chang, Jin Nakazato, Ehsan Javanmardi, Alex Orsholits, Takeo Igarashi, Kantaro Fujiwara, Manabu Tsukada

ACM AutomotiveUI 2024 (Adjunct, Work in Progress) · Stanford, USA

Contribution A 25-person think-tank study establishing human-centered design principles for integrated SPIU and vehicle eHMI concepts: effectiveness, simplicity, visibility, and clarity.

Fostering Fuzzy Logic in Enhancing Pedestrian Safety: Harnessing Smart Pole Interaction Unit for Autonomous Vehicle-to-Pedestrian Communication and Decision Optimization

Vishal Chauhan, Chia-Ming Chang, Ehsan Javanmardi, Jin Nakazato, Pengfei Lin, Takeo Igarashi, Manabu Tsukada

Electronics, vol. 12, no. 20, p. 4207, 2023

Contribution Immersive-VR validation of SPIU and vehicle eHMI, showing faster pedestrian responses across one-way and two-way crossing scenarios.

Keep Calm and Cross: Smart Pole Interaction Unit for Easing Pedestrian Cognitive Load

Vishal Chauhan, Chia-Ming Chang, Ehsan Javanmardi, Jin Nakazato, Koki Toda, Pengfei Lin, Takeo Igarashi, Manabu Tsukada

IEEE 9th World Forum on Internet of Things (WF-IoT 2023) · Aveiro, Portugal

Contribution The foundational SPIU paper: an infrastructure-side mediator designed to reduce pedestrian cognitive load during single- and multi-vehicle encounters.